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Ginseng is a slow growing plant, that originated from North America and Eastern Asia and typically in colder climates.Ginseng can be ingested as a powder, taken with a liquid as a capsule, or ingested as a dried root and eaten. The price of wild ginseng roots has climbed in the last decade. Now domestic buyers pay $500 to $600 per pound compared with about $50 per pound of cultivated roots. Pricing for Ginseng in the health section of any drug store such as Walmart or Target and even online shopping pricing ranges from $10-$80 for an abundant amount of capsules and ounces. Ginseng is not banned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) or International Olympic Committee, but it is often sold in combination with drugs that are banned by these organizations. In other words, athletes taking ginseng or in consideration of taking ginseng should be responsible in knowing the ingredients in combination or preparation with this supplement.
 * Ginseng **



The dried roots and rhizomes of ginseng (P. ginseng C. A. Meyer) contain many physiologically important constituents. These include ginseng saponins, ginseng oils and phytosterol, carbohydrates and sugars, organic acids, nitrogenous substances, amino acids and peptides, vitamins and minerals, and certain enzymes that have been isolated and characterized.
 * The Makeup of Ginseng **

Health benefits regarding Ginseng include improving physical performance, sexual performance, Improve the body’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress, Improve memory and other sorts of cognitive functioning, Improve cellular health (inflammation, free radicals, protect against cancer, etc). There are different types of ginseng that contribute different actions on and towards the body such as:
 * Ginseng and its contribution to the body **

**American Ginseng** – Panax Quinquefolius – Good for fighting fatigue, *possibly* improving sexual performance, and improving cellular health in general **Red Ginseng** – Panax Ginseng – The original one. A good metabolic regulator that seems to perk up your cells in a variety of environments, including some forms of cancer. **Indian Ginseng** – Withania Somnifera – Has a variety of neuroprotective effects, might improve some forms of cognition, and likely a powerful anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory. **Siberian Ginseng** – Eleutherococcus Senticosus – Particularly good at allowing your body to cope with metabolic stress. Cellular regulator, and provides a sustained energy boost/improvement in physical performance. Also called eleuthero root. **Brazilian Ginseng** – Pfaffia Paniculata – Seems to improve physical performance somewhat, a few anti-cancer properties, and likely scavenges free radicals within the body.


 * References **

Panossian, A, et. al. “Plant Adaptogens III. Earlier and More Recent Aspects and Concepts of Their Mode of Action” Phytomedicine. 1999 vol. 6(4) pgs. 287-300

Kim, D.H. (2012). Chemical diversity of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquifolium, and Panax notoginseng. Journal of Ginseng Research, 36(1), 1–15.

Shi, J., Arunasalam, K., Yeung, D., Kakuda, Y., Mittal, G., & Jiang, Y. (2004). Saponins from edible legumes: chemistry, processing, and health benefits. J Med Food, 7, 67–78